10.1.1.2 Non-Viral Vectors

A number of non-vectors have been developed including injection of naked DNA, complexing DNA with macromolecules in order to facilitate cellular entry.  liposomes, have been also used to introduce the DNA to the cell via cell membrane fusion (Lee.and Huang,1997)

Other non-viral vectors were also used such as Cationic lipids complex with anionic plasmid DNA. At the moment strategies to improve liposomes have focused on developing new lipids or ligands to permit targeting to specific cell types. (Lasic, 1998). Molecular conjugate vectors have been also developed to deliver genes to the target cells via the receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway (Cristiano and Curiel1996)