Bibliography

1- Ahmed Abdelbaki : "Landmarks of the Arab Civilization in the 3rd Century H" Pan-Arab Studies Center, National Heritage Series ; 1991, Beirut.

2- Ahmed Jabbar – Mohammed Ablagh :  "Life and Works of Ibn al-Banaa al-Murrakushi", Publication of the Faculty of Letters, Rabat, Ed. 1, 2001

3- Ibn abi Ussaibia : "Uyun al-Anba", annotation of Amir an-Najar, 1996.

4- Arnold, Sir Thomas : "Islamic Heritage" Translated in  Arabic by Jarsis Fathallah, Beirut, Dar Talia, 1972.

5- Ibn Kalkan Abu Bakr : "Wafiyat al-Aayan", annotated by Dr. Ihssan Abbas, Beirut, Dar Sadir .

6- Ibn Rushd : "Al-Kuliat fi Tib", annotated by Dr. Said Shiban and Dr. Amar Talbi, Algerian Higher Council of Culture, 1989, Algeria.

7- Ibn Zahr, Abu Marwan Abdulmalek : "Kitab Atayssir fil Mudawat wa Tadbir", annotated by Mohammed Ibn Abdallah Rudani, Publication of the Academy of the Kingdom of Morocco, "Heritage series", 1991, Rabat

8- Ibn Tufayl : "Texts and studies", compiled and re-printed by Fuad Serkis, Institute of the History of Islamic and Arab Sciences, Frankfurt University, Germany

9- Banu Mussa Ibn Shakir : "Kitab al-Hiyal", annotated by Ahmed Yussef Hassan, Halab University, Institute of Arab Scientific Heritage, Damascus, 1981

10- Human Heritage Magazine, Ministry of Culture and National Guidance, Egyptian General Establishment for editing, translation, printing and publishing, Egypt.

11- Talili : "Ibn Roshd, the Philosopher and the Scientist"

12- Harakat, Dr. Ibrahim : " Morocco throughout History", Dar Rashad al-Hadita, Casablanca, 3rd edition, 1993

13- Hakim Mohammed Said : " Scientists and Thinkers : Biographies of the Renown Scientists and Thinkers in the Islamic Golden Ages" 2nd Ed., 2000, Islamic Academy of Sciences, Aman, Jordan

14- Al-Khattabi, Mohammed al-Arbi : "Medicine and Doctors in Islamic Andalusia", Dar Al-gharb al-Islami, Beirut

15- The Encyclopedia of Islam: Arabic translation, October, 1932

16- Ad-Difaa, Abdallah : "Contributions of Muslim and Arab Scientists in Zoology" 1st Ed., Rissala Foundation, 1986

17- Ad-Difaa, Abdallah : "Exact Sciences in Islamic Arab Civilization" 1st Ed., Rissala Foundation, Beirut, 1981

18-  Ad-Difaa, Abdallah : "A Summary of the Islamic Arab Scientific Heritage", John Wyli and sons, New York, 1979

19- Aldo Milli : "Arabian Sciences and their Impact on the Development of the World Science", translated by Dr, Abdalhalim Najjar and Dr. Yussef Mussa, Dar al-Qalam

20- Zarkali, Khairdin : "Eminent Figures, dictionary of the renown Arabs, Arabists and Orientalists ", 4th Ed., Beirut, Dar Ilm Malayeen, 1979

21- Tawkan, Kadri Hafid : "Arabian Mathematics and Astronomy Heritage" 3rd Ed., Cairo, Dar Kalam, 1963

22- Tawkan, Kadri Hafid : "Arabian Sciences", Dar Ikraa, Beirut

23- Guenun, Abdallah, "Morocco's Genius in Arab Literature",  Dar al-Kitab, Beirut, 2nd Ed., 1961

24- Marhaba, Mohammed Abderrahman : "Comprehensive Book of Arabs History, 2nd Ed., Beirut, Aouidat Publications, 1988

25- Mrizen, Said Mrizen Assiri : "Scientific Life in Iraq in the Seljuqid era, Talib library, Mekka al-Mukarama, 1987

26- Mannuni,  Mohammed : " Articles on the Life of the Marinids, Najah al-Jadida Printing House, Casablanca, 3rd edition, 1996

27- The Simplified Arabic Encyclopedia, under the supervision of Mohammed Shafik Gharbal, 2nd Ed., 1972, Cairo

28- Nellino, Carlo : "History of Astronomy in the Arabian Region in the Middle Ages, summary of the lectures given at the Egyptian University

29- Farukh, Dr. Omar : "History of the Arabian Sciences"

30- Zegrid Honkeh : Arabs' Sun Shines on the West, Influence of the Arab civilization on Europe, translated by Faruk Bydun and Kamal Dassuki, 8 Ed., Beirut, Dar al Jil, 1993

31- Sarton Georges : Introduction to the History of Science, Carnegie Institution of Washington, by The Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore

32- Zahoor, Arkan : Muslim History 570-1950, Chronology, ZMD Corporation, MD, 2000